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- STONEHENGE: 3000 B.C. TO 1000 B.C.
-
- As early as 3000 BC, the megalithic monument served
- as an ancient observatory, where priests could follow
- the annual motion of the Sun each morning along the
- horizon in order to determine the beginning of the
- seasons. And by 2500 BC, the precise geometric
- alignments of the massive stones may have been used
- to predict eclipses of the Moon.
- Stonehenge consists of a series of stones placed in
- a circular pattern surrounded by ring of 56 pits named
- Aubrey holes for their 17th century discoverer. The
- outermost series of stones (100 feet in diameter) are
- large, linteled, sandstone blocks called sarsen stones.
- Inside this circle is another circle of smaller blue
- stones. And inside that circle is a horseshoe-shaped
- arrangement of sarsen stones. And within this
- arrangement is a still smaller horseshoe-shaped ring
- of blue stones enclosing the famous Altar Stone.
- Circa 2100 BC, the Beaker people (so named for their
- characteristic pottery) built an approach road
- (presently called the Avenue) to the entrance and
- built the inner ring of blue stones. The blue stones
- were transported all the way from the Prescelly
- Mountains in Wales!
- Stonehenge is unique among megalithic monuments
- because of the precision of architectural design and
- its long period of use (roughly two thousand years).
-